Burkina Faso is facing an intensification of jihadist violence, particularly in the northern, eastern, and western regions, where the Group for the Support of Islam and Muslims (JNIM) is expanding its influence and increasing attacks against security forces and civilians. On May 11, 2025, jihadist fighters took control of Djibo, a strategic town in the north, after several days of fighting: more than 130 soldiers and Volunteers for the Defense of the Homeland (VDP) were killed, marking one of the most serious setbacks for the Burkinabe army. A few weeks earlier, on March 28, a coordinated attack on the town of Diapaga (in the eastern region) had already claimed the lives of over 50 people, both civilians and military, and forced local authorities to flee. Despite the offensives launched by the armed forces and the VDP, the security situation continues to deteriorate. Entire localities are isolated or under insurgent control, and retaliations against civilians accused of collaborating with armed groups fuel a cycle of violence. The country shares active and unstable borders with Mali and Niger, further complicating stabilization efforts.