In 2021, the average temperature of the planet exceeded that of the pre-industrial reference era by 1.11°C, according to a…
Algiers Agreements: implementation and results
Historical review of the Algiers Agreements The Algiers Agreements enshrine the negotiations conducted in Algiers between the Republic of Mali…
Complicity between traffickers and fundamentalists in Sahel
Weakened by a decade of conflict, West Africa suffers from political instability, violence, corruption, poverty and high unemployment, particularly among…
Boko haram: the story of a terrorist organization
An organization created on the basis of anti-Western sentiment Boko Haram, or “Western education is sin” in Hausa, is an…
Illegal gold mining, a profitable business for jihadists
The continued rise in world gold prices has been a boon to African states, particularly those in the Sahel, such…
The VDH, when the Burkanibes directly confront terrorism
Since 2016, the security situation in Burkina Faso has deteriorated significantly. Jihadist groups, including the Islamic State in the Greater…
Malian Armed Forces, the last bastion against terrorism?
Sommaire 1. Malian Armed Forces creation and evolution of the workforce 2. Malian Armed Forces equipment 3. Historical operations &…
Mali: NMLA’s declaration of independence for Azawad
Sommaire 1.North Mali shaken by Tuareg rebellions 2. From political conflict to tribal conflict ? April 6, 2022 marks the…
Jihad in the Sahel, conflict erupts between JNIM and ISGS
Sommaire 1. 2020, the year of tensions explosion 2. Irreversible differences between these groups 3. A feeling of betrayal In…
Islamic State in the Greater Sahara (ISGS): group history
Sommaire 1. Histoire de l’EIGS et de ses membres. 2. Zone d’influence de l’organisation terroriste. 3. Conflits internes et externes.…